Masters Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Masters - Personal Statement Example dation soon after my academic feat has also furthered my insight into the field of law, giving me an opportunity to put in practice theoretical concepts learnt at the university and during diverse training seminars. The undergraduate studies and training have fuelled my interest in law to higher levels, prompting me to consider pursuing a postgraduate degree in International Commercial Law. I have acquired significant skills relevant to the practice of law in the course of my academic training, internship and life in general. Skills like client orientation, problem resolution, organization and planning, business competence, adaptability and focus on quality, will come in handy in my professional development, which I hope your esteemed institution will accord me. I am diligent, focused and motivated to succeed as an international business relations lawyer. I intend to exert diligence in my postgraduate studies, while bringing my leadership skills and critical reasoning ability to presenting legally viable arguments to this globally renowned course.   I look forward to learning from honored professors the intricate nature of International Commercial Law. I am also eager to interact with like-minded scholars and advance my skills and knowledge to become effectively global-oriented. In a progressively competitive and interconnected world, I hope to acquire focused legal training that will help me in critical analysis and development of laws that govern international commerce. I appreciate the fact that becoming an international lawyer requires time and significant effort. I am willing and ready to make this commitment and approach the course with due diligence not just for enhancement of my career prospects, but also for the benefit of my future

Political Parties Essay Example for Free

Political Parties Essay Political parties are an essential component within a democratic society. By competing in elections and encouraging citizens with certain different views of society, parties also offer citizens a wide variety of choices in governmental representation, opportunities for political contribution, and chances to form their country’s future. Although political parties play such an influential role on a country, often the concerns of the people fall on deaf ears, breaking down the trust that the public had within the parties. When public assurance in political parties is diminished, the whole democratic system falls victim to it. In all democratic systems, the party system must be deeply and strongly rooted in the make up of society. Political parties are the main framework of any democratic society. They are the means by which the public come together freely to drive for the presidency, express their ideas, and define their ambitions for their civilization. There may be political parties without democracy being apparent, but there can be no democracy without political parties. Parties in many countries, including our own South African parties, may be faulty, but they are also crucial in democratic authority. When political parties function effectively, they succeed in developing a few common ideas between a large group of people, and in doing this, they place pressure on the ruling party. Thus, they help put citizens’ small concerns into a national context. Citizens may be separated over leaders, or policies but political parties can organize these differences by compromising certain things and helping societies to unite. In addition, political parties train and nominate political leaders who will accept a role in ruling society. Through their efforts to control and influence public policy, political parties play an in-between role, connecting the organisations of government to economic, ethnic, cultural, religious and other general groups. They can convey support behind law, improving the public wellbeing, and develop citizens’ interests. Their participation in elections allows citizens to hold them responsible for their policies and actions. In multi-party systems, and based on the countries they represent, political parties often express contradictory views on public plans. These just differences of ideas are not only an important part of the democratic course, but the exchanges they generate can also help to create a better understanding of the issues and possible solutions, possibly leading to new insights. Further, when parties in competition present themselves as an alternative, all parties always try to obtain the best plan in public interest, therefore the winner in the end is society.

Enviromental Influence in Huckleberry Finn :: essays research papers

The environment that someone is in can greatly affect his or her actions, decisions, and way of life. In the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, Huck is faced with many tough decisions. Huck is a young, white boy, raised in the south. His father is a drunk, and doesn’t teach Huck good morals. As we continue in the book, Huck is faced with the decision, to free a runaway slave, or not. Growing up in the south, he was taught that whites were always better than Negros. But Huck goes against his teachings and continues to help Jim escape to freedom. Huck’s father was an abusive drunk, so legal custody of Huck was switched over to Widow Douglas, who had a slave named Jim. Living with Mrs. Watson, Huck was taught good morals, values, and manners and was forced to go to school. However, he did not live there very long. Huck’s father went on a drunken rampage and kidnapped Huck from Mrs. Watson, and locked him up in his cabin. However, Huck enjoyed living with his father for a while, because he didn’t have to act civilized. Huck eventually figures a way out of the cabin, so he fakes his death so his father doesn’t think he ran away, and then escapes. Huck runs away to Jackson Island, because it is remote and no one lives there. Wandering around the island, Huck runs into Jim, who then explains to him that he ran away because he thought Huck was dead. Jim and Huck converse for a while, till Jim explains that he wants to buy his family back from slavery. Huck then agrees to help Jim escape to freedom by ge tting to Cairo and finding the Ohio River. The time period and location that Huck was living in was very prejudice toward black people. Huck and Jim can only travel down the Mississippi River by raft at night, because Huck fears that people living along the river will think that Jim is a runaway slave and attempt to capture him and turn him into authorities. Huck and Jim have to stop every now and then to pick up necessary supplies, (i.e. food, water, tools) and Huck gets many questions from locals, as to what he’s doing with a black man. The constant questioning annoys Huck and eventually, he reflects on his decision to free Jim. First he writes to Mrs.

Julia Child

Julia Child interview Me: How did you get involved in World war II? Julia Child: In 1941, at the onset of World War II, I moved to Washington, D. C. , where I volunteered as a research assistant for the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), a newly formed government intelligence agency. In this position, I played a key role in the communication of top-secret documents between U. S. government officials and their intelligence officers. My colleagues and I were sent on assignments around the world, holding posts in Washington, D. C. , Kumming, China; and Colombo, Sri Lanka. In 1945, while in Sri Lanka, This is where I began a relationship with fellow OSS employee Paul Child. Me: How come after World War II, did you and your husband Paul move to Paris, France? Me: Why did you and your husband move to Paris, France after the war? Child: Well after the war Paul was reassigned to the U. S. Information Service at the American Embassy in Paris. We both looked at is as an opportunity to begin a new life, meet new people, and discover our passions. When we moved here the very first day Paul took me to a restaurant where I had my first French cuisine. If it wasn't for us moving here I would have never had a penchant for French cuisine and attended the world-famous Cordon Bleu cooking school . Me: How successful were your cook books in your culinary career? Child: The original publisher rejected the manuscript, however, due to its 734-page length. Another publisher eventually accepted the 3-lb. cookbook, releasing it in September 1961 under the title Mastering the Art of French Cooking. The book was considered groundbreaking, and remained the bestselling cookbook for five straight years after its publication. It has since become a standard guide for the culinary community. Me: How did your television career begin? Child: One day I promoted my book on the Boston public television station near my Cambridge, Massachusetts, home. I went on the air demonstrated my trademark forthright manner and hearty humor, by preparing an omelet on air. The public's response was enthusiastic, generating 27 letters and countless phone calls—†a remarkable response,† a station executive remembered, â€Å"given that station management occasionally wondered if 27 viewers were tuned in. Me: Why were you sometimes harshly criticized on your show? Child: Occasionally I would fail to wash my hands, as well as what they believed to be poor kitchen demeanor. â€Å"You are quite a revolting chef, the way you snap bones and play with raw meats,† one letter read. I can't stand those over-sanitary people! Others were concerned about the high levels of fat in French cooking. My advice was to eat in moderation. I would rather eat one tablespoon of chocolate russe cake than three bowls of Jell-O.

Bollman Hotel Chain memo Essay

The purpose of this memo is to provide a compliance plan to be incorporated into your business strategies for a successful entry into the international market. As the business environment becomes more global, labor and employment law issues have become globalized as well. The US and India’s employment laws both address the minimum wage and overtime pay for private and public or federal workers, equal rights and opportunities, discrimination, limitations and prohibitions on employment of minors, and occupational safety and health administration. Below is a list of applicable employment laws and consequences for non-compliance. A comparative research shows that there are similarities between India and US labor laws so I will also integrate these for consistency in compliance on the company policies and guidelines. The US Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) provides standards for the basic minimum wage and overtime pay for private and public workers. Working hours are restricted on non-agricultural agricultural operations for children under the age 16, and children under 18 are not allowed to work on jobs that are dangerous. India has a Minimum Wages Act 1948 that sets wages for the different economic sectors and State governments have minimum wage sc hedules, and another Article (24) covers the prohibition of child labor under 14 years old in factory, mine or hazardous work environment. Non-compliance of labor laws very costly. Employees can recover unpaid wages going back 2 years and as much as 3 years and doubled as â€Å"liquidated damages† if the employer violation is proven as deliberate or intentional. Furthermore, one employee’s successful recovery unpaid wages and liquidated damages will most likely trigger a class action suit resulting in more financial risks. Child labor is a serious act and transcends internationally. In the US, employers who violate child labor laws are subject to fines as high as $100,000 for each child and up to 6 months in jail. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration Act (OSHA) encourage States to develop and operate their own job safety and health programs. OSHA approves and monitors State plans and provides up to 50 percent of an approved plan’s operating costs. Minnesota is one of the 22 state that are operating the State and local government employees therefore,  Bollman Hotel Chains must comply b y enforcing the standards, provide training and education and assist in providing a safe, healthful and hazardous free workplace. The company should also consider using Globally Harmonized System (GHS) which is recommended by OSHA to establish mandatory requirement on classification criteria for health, physical and environmental hazards of chemicals to mitigate risks of health and safety violations when shipping materials or goods to India. OSHA has a published Federal Penalty schedule up to $500,000 and incarceration depending on the severity of the violation and determination whether the employer’s violation is â€Å"willful† or unintentional. Non-compliance will also result in financial risks due to the costs incurred on personal injury settlements and civil claims. It is highly recommended to recruit qualified workers in specialized fields India to ensure the company’s continued success. Conditions for the temporary and permanent employment of aliens in the United States, including provisions that address employment eligibility and employment verification are set forth under the Immigr ation and Nationality Act (INA), and employers have responsibilities under the immigration law during the recruitment process. Employers must verify the employment authorization of the individual hired after November, 1986 and retain a Form I-9 that is completed by the employee. Non-compliance by discriminating against individu ¬als on the basis of national origin, citizenship, or immigration status, and â€Å"willful† violation by hiring individuals that are unauthorized to work in the United State may be subject to fines, criminal penalties, debarment of government contracts, payment to unlawfully discriminated individuals. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was established by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to assist in the protection of US employees from discrimination. The law was the first federal law designed to protect most US employees from employment discrimination based upon that employee’s race, color, religion, sex, or national origin (Public Law 88-352, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 253, 42 U.S.C. Sec. 2000e et. seq.). Discriminatory practices in the workplace may result in costly fines and litigation expenses. For example, under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the employee who filed a complaint may be awar ded back pay, retroactive benefits, liquidated damages or even a job promotion. Compliance is a process of knowing the laws and developingpolicies and guidelines to implement these laws, and communicating to   organization. The following is a compliance plan to ensure full understanding of the employments laws and adherence. Employment laws are constantly challenged and changed. Establish a compliance checklist to update employment laws to stay current and update the company policy as needed. Any changes or updates must be communicated to the employee. As Bollman Hotel Chain is becoming more international, the framework of the company policy should take into account the day to day realities of working with the company and meeting the individual, collective and business objectives as well as the local entities employment laws. A collection and reporting system should be established concerning employment, working conditions, social practices and human resources in each country to ensure equal treatment and non-discrimination, respect for individuals, safe and healthy working environment and alignment of the company goals. Schedule a quarterly meeting with each manager to review the company policy. Provide formal and informal training program to all employees to bring awareness and understanding of their civil rights and employment laws. Maintain all personnel records and document all pertinent communications such as employee evaluation, annual activity discussions and professional development discussions. Finally, foster an open dialogue between managers and employees to ensure that everyone is fully engaged and committed to full compliance of the employment laws.

A new Spacesuit for Starliner Astronauts

A new Spacesuit for Starliner Astronauts The astronauts are also trendy The media always talks and writes about the latest fashion for men and women of some business jobs, but what about the latest trend in clothes for the astronauts? Do you know that the new high quality spacesuit was unveiled for the Starliner Astronauts recently? Boeing presented its new spacesuit The representatives of the company Boeing informed about their new production - a new spacesuit, which is more comfortable and simpler, than the previous one. It is very good, as the more complicated design can have much more chances to break easily. The designers realized that some parts of the old spacesuit are just unnecessary. This suit meets all the requirements of NASA for functionality and safety. It introduces all the up-to-date innovations. Among the advances of the spacesuit`s design are: vents, which allow astronauts to be cooler, touchscreens-sensitive gloves, which are made of material, that makes such interaction with touchsceens real, visor, and helmet incorporated into the suit. It is lighter and more flexible due to the new joint patterns and advanced materials. The peculiarities of the new Starliner suit There is more material in the knees and elbows, so the astronauts will be able to move easier. The astronauts will be able to move easier, as there is much material in the knees and elbows. This new material allows water vapor to pass out of the suit, which makes it cooler. You can adapt the shape of the suit when seated or standing thanks to the strategically located zippers. There are some special communication systems under the helmet. The booties are also the inalienable part of the whole spacesuit. The new spacesuit will definitely keep the astronaut alive, which is the most important aspect. It is as safe as it is functional. The full suit weighs about 20 pounds with all its accessories. It was tested by the astronauts to make sure, that their work in the spacecraft will be easy and efficient to complete. This spacesuit has a function of the emergency backup to the spacecraft`s redundant life support systems. The new spacesuit was modeled by Chris Ferguson, who is a director of Crew and Mission Systems for Boeing and a former astronaut. The space technology is definitely moving forward This latest suit technology will be used by the astronauts, who are going to head into orbit aboard Boeing`s Starliner spacecraft. They will be taken to the space station by operational Commercial Crew missions. NASA will be able to have more time for its research and science. NASA doesn`t want to pay Russia a lot of money for their spacesuits and rockets in order to launch US astronauts. There are two companies – Boeing and SpaceX, which made a contract with NASA. They should launch the astronauts to the International Space Station as soon as 2018. Nowadays, Boeing is testing the CST-100 Starliner spacecraft, which will be able to carry up to seven astronauts, and SpaceX is working on the Dragon spacecraft. This new spacesuit is one of the most important parts of the Starliner system. It is aimed at protecting the whole generation of the astronauts, which will have the opportunity to reach such destinations, as Mars or asteroid.

Essay 3 outline Essays - Information And Communications Technology

Essay 3 outline Essays - Information And Communications Technology Essay 3 outline living in the 21 st century a good thing or a bad thing? Everybody knows that living in the 21st century offers certain advantages and disadvantages. These advantages and disadvantages include stuff like; having internet to help everybody out, having cable, but on the flip side we have more pollution and also have people being less humane. Most people would have to say lives got a whole lot better with internet. The internet has help our lives out so much epically with looking things up, finding where to go, also communicating with others. One example, of looking things up using internet is when you have to do a research paper and need good info you can just search it on the web and find the information you're looking for instead of going and finding books. Another example is finding where to go, for an example you can type in on your g.p.s the address of wherever you need to go and the g.p.s will help you get to your destination instead of using regular maps and try and fique out if you're heading the right way or not. The third example is, communicating with others by using text or email. Now that we understand that the internet helps us with a lot of stuff we can now start talking about cable tv. Who doesn't like having cable. Cable is nice to have because you can watch any sport game or any show you may like and also can watch the weather and the news. Another good about able is you can record a show or movie and watch it later which is better than missing your show completely. Cable is good about the news, so you can be updated unlike waiting for a newspaper to read. Despite of all the easiness we find in nowadays world, one of the main disadvantages of living in the 21st century is that we're living in an increasingly polluted environment. The air is polluted with smog and nuclear fallout, because of all the industries and cars. The water is also polluted with chemical wastes from factories: dead fishes and contaminated drinking water supplies are unfortunately becoming very common things, and the cause of it is the raw sewage from cities and oil spills from ships. A second disadvantage of living in this century is the depersonalization of human relationships. People often interact more with machines than with other people. With the automated vending machines, banks, etc., you don't talk to a person, but with a machine, and our lives are based on numbers. Another thing that increases the distance between people is the tape-recorded telephone answering, since you don't have to talk to people on the phone, because you can just listen to the message later. But, for me, the most alarming problem is the computerized dating services you can find. People are losing their way of dating in real life and the relationships are becoming more and more digital, distant and cold. In conclusion, although the 21st century has indeed given us a lot of advantages by making us freer to enjoy our lives, it has, in my opinion, not made us wiser. The 21st century has also made our earth dirtier, and our people less humane, we should continue to enjoy the benefits of technological advancements because they free us to pursue our interests and goals. However, we must make an effort to preserve our natural environment for future generations. Moreover, we should take the time now to make our lives more meaningful in an increasingly impersonal, computerized world.

The Best Prep Books for SAT Writing

The Best Prep Books for SAT Writing SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you planning on buying a book to help you prep for SAT Writing? In this article I will discuss the top prep books for SAT Writing on the market today, and why you should or should not buy them. These books can be found at bookstores, the library, or online. If you make use of all these books and practice effectively, you'll be sure t o improve your SAT writing score. Who should use these books? Books are a great way to study for students who are serious about their prep and who are able to motivate themselves. Keep in mind that studying from books is not the most effective method for all students. It’s important that you know how you study best. Buying a book is not going to track your progress or motivate you to study – so you need to be able to do that for yourself, and you also need to be able to understand and evaluate your own mistakes and progress. If that sounds like you, these books will be great for you. In order to take full advantage of these books, you also need to be willing to make a time investment. Just buying a book is not going to make a difference to your score – you have to be willing to commit and spend time – we’re talking at least 10 hours, or much more depending on where you’re starting from - going through it in order to get the benefits. So if you’re looking to invest a good deal of time and want to make a significant improvement in your SAT Writing score, read on to see which books can help you! Foundational Books There are two books that all students should have before taking the SAT. The Official SAT Study Guide from the CollegeBoard Sold on Amazon from $11.81. It’s critically important that when you study, you are using real questions that actually appeared on the SAT. Why? Many test prep companies have people who don’t really understand the test writing their practice questions. There is a good chance that if you only study questions written by prep companies, you will not be seeing the kinds of questions that actually appear on the SAT. The Official SAT Study Guide provides you will 10 full-length practice tests. For the Writing section, that’s 490 multiple choice questions to practice with. When you buy the book, you also get online access to explanations to all of the answers. Additionally, many of the books I will mention below make references to the questions in this book as examples. Where it could be improved: Unfortunately, this book does not work as a complete study tool. It gives little to no explanation for the different concepts that are tested on the test, and only gives the most basic strategy tips – some of which are quite debatable (such as when to guess). Similarly, the online explanations for right and wrong answers aren’t the best. They tend to expect a high level of comprehension of the basic concepts, so you’ll need to understand your own mistakes to make the most of this book. Because of this, it’s best to pair this book with another one or two from the list below, depending on what your score goals are. SAT Prep Black Book by Mike Barrett Available on Amazon from $17.97. This book is critically important because it teaches you how to think about the SAT. It aims to teach students that anyone can succeed on the SAT, as long as they approach the test the right way. For example, the test is predictable in that the material tested is always the same, but has to be difficult enough to stump some students. Therefore, the fairly straightforward grammar rules on the Writing portion of the test will be presented in unexpected ways. If you are ready to view the test this way, it will be easier to see where the College Board is trying to trick you. It contains a lot of practical strategies for how to approach each type of question, and then also explains the answers to several of the questions in The Official SAT Study Guide in depth. In particular, this book gives great advice for how to tackle the essay section of the test. Where it could be improved: This book does not give a clear set of guidelines for how to approach each question, which might make it confusing for some students. I would recommend reading this book for general strategy and learning how to think about the test, and pairing it with other books if you want a more straight-forward list of rules. The end of the book gives a â€Å"Grammar Toolbox† that outlines all of the major grammar concepts you will need to know for SAT Writing. However, these are not paired with example SAT-style questions, so it won’t be the best resource for many students. Best SAT Writing books for high scorers (650 – 800) Blackstone Review’s Maximize Your Writing Score on the SAT Available new at Amazon from $21.95. This excellent prep book focuses in on only the grammar rules covered on SAT Writing. There are several features that make this book stand out. The grammar skills are ranked by the frequency they appear. Each grammar point is ranked between one and three stars, depending on how frequently the concept is tested on the SAT. This is helpful because it helps you focus your studying. You can just cover the most important (3 star) concepts if you're in a rush, or you can focus on the 1 star concepts if you already know the basics andare aiming for a high score. While other test prep books do tell the frequency of grammar rules, this book does it in a very visually-friendly way, which a lot of students may find helpful. The realistic diagnostic test will help you make an effective study plan. The book starts with a diagnostic test. Now, students can always make their own diagnostic tests. I’ll talk about this more below. But I particularly like this diagnostic test because it gives example sentences that test grammar concepts in a very similar way to the SAT. Even better, it gives detailed explanations for each answer and pinpoints which grammar concept is being tested in each question (along with where to find that concept in the book), before showing how the sentence could be revised to be grammatically correct. Though, again, you can do the same process on your own with the practice tests in The Official SAT Study Guide, this could save you a lot of time and help you to quickly see which concepts you are struggling with. This also means you can save all ten practice tests in The Official SAT Study Guide for later practice. Every concept is explained very clearly. The grammar points in this book are laid out in a way that is very easy to read and understand. The grammar rules are explained clearly, briefly, and directly. After each rule, the book gives at least one SAT-style question with an error of the grammar concept just introduced, an explanation of why the error is incorrect, and then gives a revised version of the sentence with the error corrected. I like the immediate reinforcement of each idea, and the revised sentences can help students get used to what correctly-used grammar looks like. Similarly, the end of each chapter gives you additional well-written practice questions with clear explanations. Students who don’t want to get bogged down with a lot of extra words should really like this direct and simple approach. It gets to the point quickly and makes it easy to stay on task. Additionally, the instruction in this book focuses on grammar concepts instead of technical grammar terms. It won’t bog you down with things that you don’t need to know to do well on SAT Writing. The study guides and appendixes at the end of the book provide added depth. The end of the book has two useful review sections. The â€Å"Study Outline† briefly goes over all the grammar concepts covered, and the â€Å"Super Quick Study Guide† gives an overview of just the most important and most frequently-tested grammar concepts. Though this is an unnecessary feature, these sections are nice bonus tools with example sentences that you canuse to get your mind in the correct mode right before the test. The book has several very helpful appendices on topics including â€Å"Common Irregular Verbs†, â€Å"Confusing Word Pairs†, â€Å"Common Prepositional Idioms†, â€Å"Common Diction Errors†, and â€Å"Wordiness and Redundancy†. These are very thorough and go into much greater detail than most SAT Writing test prep books. A lot of these topics, such as prepositional idioms, are things you will need to study if you are aiming for a high score. There is an excellent guide to the essay section. Finally, this book has a guide for the essay section of the test. This is especially valuable because some other Writing SAT prep books completely ignore the essay portion. The essay guide gives some good tips about how to approach the essay, which is something a lot of students struggle with. You’ll get tips for how to start the essay with a strong statement, how to effectively use notes, and what kind of examples you will need. It’s especially good for talking about the mindset you need when you approach the essay, and I think that this combined with the tips given in the Black Book would well prepare stronger writers for the test. However, if you are a weaker or very not confident writer and need a lot of hand-holding and instruction for the essay section of the test, you should probably get an additional guide. Of course, this book is not for everyone. Here’s where it could be improved: The end of the book has example test questions with detailed explanations for each answer. Though these are quite well-written and test grammar in the same way the real SAT does, the questions are pretty limited. There are only 40 Identifying Error questions, 25 Improving Sentences questions, and 7 Improving Paragraphs questions. Many students will not find this to be enough practice. As noted above, this book addresses each grammar topic in a concise and to-the-point fashion. I think these explanations are more than enough for students who have at least a decent understanding of grammar basics. While this will appeal to some students, it will be a turn-off for others who prefer to have things explained in more detail. Finally, the essay tips will not be thorough enough for students who need a lot of help with their writing. The Ultimate Guide to SAT Grammar and the accompanying workbook by Erica Meltzer Available new at Amazon from $27.86. The workbook sells from $28.45 here. Meltzer has a great understanding of the grammar that appears on the SAT and does a good job of explaining the concepts in detail. She goes through everything that you will need to know in order to aim for a perfect score. There are a lot of things that make this book a great pick. Itexplains concepts from the first principle. Metzerdoesn’t assume any prior grammar knowledge, and gives enough information (starting with an overview of the different parts of speech) to help out those who are not confident in their grammar skills or need a refresher of what they learned in grade school and high school. It's comprehensive but focused. The book covers all of the grammar concepts that you will need to know for SAT Writing. Unlike some prep books which leave out the more complex and less-tested material, Meltzer gives a great amount of detail on even the rarest types of question, such as diction questions, for which she also includes a list of commonly confused words that have recently appeared on the SAT. All of the concepts have this level of thoroughness, which means this is a great resource for students who are looking for a book that will help them drill the most difficult types of questions. Going along with the previous point, Meltzer only covers minimal additional material that does not appear on the test. Most of this is foundational knowledge-type material, and she clearly notes that it won’t directly be tested. After introducing each grammar concept, Meltzer gives several example sentences of the concept being used both incorrectly and correctly. This is a great feature because it allows students both to see some common mistakes, and to see how they can be fixed. The practice questions are excellent. At the end of each concept-based chapter, Meltzer gives several practice questions. For the most part, these questions ask you to find a grammar mistake in the sentence and fix it. She also has very good cumulative tests after every few sections. Though these tests don’t follow the SAT format, I think they are very helpful because they gives students the chance to first make sure they really understand an individual grammar concept (with no help or guessing from multiple choice options!) in the chapter tests, and then follows that with good practice of finding different types of grammar mistakes, which is the skill you have to develop for the SAT. Additionally, she gives some of the best-written SAT Writing-style practice questions that you will be able to find outside of The Official SAT Study Guide. Her SAT-style questions test grammar concepts in the same way that the SAT does, and her writing style is extremely similar to the style used by the writers of the actual test. This means that you will have a valuable extra resource of practice questions, in addition to those in The Official SAT Study Guide. She explains every grammar question inThe Official SAT Study Guide. Some of my favorite resources in this book are Meltzer’s very detailed appendices. She goes through all of the practice tests in The Official SAT Study Guide and breaks them down by grammar concept tested. This is immensely valuable for students because when taking those practice tests, they can use these appendices as a guide for understanding what kinds of questions they are missing. Also, if you have a certain grammar concept you want to have more practice with, you can look up the specific questions in the Study Guide that cover that concept. Of course, this book could also be improved. Here’s how: This is a very dense book. While some students will love this writing style, others will find it very difficult to get through. While treating less important topics with a lot of thoroughness is what the highest-achieving students will be looking for, for most others it will simply be too much information. Going along with that, unlike Blackstone Review’s book mentioned above, Meltzer’s book is not very visually-friendly. For example, while she does tell which question types most frequently appear on each part of the test, you will need to read closely to get that information, which makes it more difficult to skim and skip around to cover the most important concepts. The example sentences she uses to explain and test grammar concepts do not look like the questions on the SAT. While this won’t be a negative for many students (and I personally think they are very effective at testing the grammar concepts), some students may want to stick to SAT-style questions. While Meltzer does give answer keys to all of her questions in the main text, she does not give detailed explanations for why the answers are right or wrong. This will not work very well for students who need more hand-holding to understand grammar mistakes. The workbook that accompanies the text gives additional practice that really should be included in the main book. As it is, it's expensive to have to buy two books to get what should be included in one. Finally, this book does not cover how to approach the essay, and the main text does not include practice questions for the Improving Paragraphs questions. So if you want to focus in on either of those sections of the test, this will not be the best book for you. Best SAT Writing Books For Mid-range Scorers (400 – 650) Barron’s SAT Writing Workbook by George Ehrenhaft Available on Amazon from $10.99 (Kindle) This book is great if you are a middle-range writer because it holds your hand like no other for the essay portion of the test. More advanced writers, however, will probably find some of the advice to be simplistic. There are a lot of things that make it great for a student at this level. It starts with a good, lengthy overview of each question type on SAT Writing. If you are less familiar with what you are going to see on SAT Writing or are particularly intimidated by the structure of the test, this will give you a good grounding to work with. It includes a full diagnostic test with SAT-style questions. After the explanations, this book gives a full diagnostic test of the Writing section of the SAT, including a practice essay question. The questions are very reminiscent of questions that have appeared on past SATs, so they should be helpful for students to understand their strengths and weaknesses. The best part of this is the detailed answer section, which not only gives several sample essay responses, but also goes through each multiple choice question in detail, telling why each correct answer is correct, and what grammar rule is violated by each incorrect answer. It gives in-depth instruction for the essay. This book dedicates a whopping 82 pages to how to write the essay. It takes you through everything you could possibly want to know, in detail. If you pair this with the basic strategy found in the Black Book listed above, you should have no further questions about how to improve your essay score. The grammar explanations are straightforward. All of the main grammar concepts that you will need to know for the test are briefly explained. This book does not go into as much detail as Meltzer’s book or the Blackstone Review book, but it is more than enough for what you will need for a mid-range score. After each grammar explanation, the book gives an SAT-style multiple choice question. It’s helpful for students to be able to immediately see the concept put to use in the way it will appear on the test. All of these multiple choice questions are followed with detailed answer explanations. There are also several practice questions that are not in the style of SAT questions, which are good for nailing down grammar concepts without the prop of having answer choices. The grammar concepts are divided by what you are most likely to find on each section of the test (Improving Sentences, Identifying Errors, and Improving Paragraphs). While there is a lot of overlap in the grammar concepts, this could be helpful for students to pinpoint where they are struggling if they tend to do worse on one section. This book also goes into greater detail on the Improving Paragraphs questions than many other test prep books do. There are a lot of opportunities for practice. Finally, the end of the book has four well-written practice tests, which will be good additional practice if you need more than the ones in The Official SAT Study Guide. All of the questions have detailed answer explanations. Where it could be improved: Many of the practice questions are not in the style of SAT questions, and some students will prefer to have more SAT-style questions to work with. The grammar explanations do not go into a lot of detail and can be vague. This lack of detail means that you may not get everything you need to master the trickiest concepts. Also, some of the grammar is repetitive because it is found in multiple sections (ie., both in Identifying Errors and in Improving Sentences). For SAT Writing Books for Low Scorers (400 and below) If you are getting a very low score on SAT Writing, it may be because you are a non-native speaker of English or are otherwise missing a fundamental understanding of how English grammar works. Since you can’t run before you walk, I would recommend starting with books that are not specifically aimed at the SAT, but are going to give you a strong grammar foundation that you can build upon with further study. English Grammar in Use by Raymond Murphy Available on Amazon from $16.78 English Grammar in Use is great for helping struggling students get to terms with grammar basics, especiallyverb tenses, their uses and special constructions. It also includes lessons on trickier subjects such as â€Å"may† vs. â€Å"might†, idiomatic preposition use, relative clauses, and participles. The pages are all written in simple, easily understood English. Every lesson is illustrated to further aid comprehension, and they're followed by a full page of practice exercises. This text has been popular for a long time for students learning English as a foreign language, but it is a helpful resource for anyone who needs a refresher of important grammar foundations. Easy Grammar Plus by Wanda C. Phillips Available on Amazon from $28.52. Phillips effectively teaches the basics of grammar and sentence construction by breaking them down into the different parts of speech. Every new topic has several pages of exercises for extensive drilling. It's this repetition that really helps the new concepts stick with students. This book is especially good for students who find the wording of other grammar books to be too complex. It is written with a 4th grade vocabulary, so you can focus your attention where it matters - on the grammar. How to use these books If you are a mid-range or high-range scorer, start out with reading through the Introduction and Writing sections in the Black Book (apart from the explanations to questions in the Official SAT Study Guide). This will help you get in the correct mindset to approach the test and is good to build general strategy. Take a practice Writing test from The Official SAT Study Guideand score it. Make a note of each question you got wrong or had to guess for. Mark down which section it was in (Improving Sentences, Identifying Errors, or Improving Paragraphs) and also what grammar concept it was testing. To do this, you can either use the appendix in Meltzer’s book, or you can use the explanations for The Official SAT Study Guide that can be found online. (Note that if you have chosen to use a book that includes a diagnostic test, you can use that instead and the answer explanations may make understanding your mistakes a lot easier!) In whatever book you choose, skim through the grammar concepts you are most comfortable with to make sure there is nothing that surprises you, but really focus your studying around the concepts that you missed in the practice test. Keep taking the practice tests in The Official SAT Study Guide to check how you are improving. If you are a low-range scorer, start studying a long time in advance (at least 6 months). Ideally, you should cover the material in the foundational books and then move on to one of the other books that focuses specifically on the SAT. Once you have given yourself time to get the basics down, follow the steps above. What’s Next? If you're not sure that book studying is for you, check out our test prep program. PrepScholar starts with a diagnostic test and then helps you focus your studying on what you need the most work on. Also check out our free resources to start prepping for the test. Our blog covers every grammar concept you will find on SAT Writing, as well as general strategies for each section. Aiming high? Look at these key strategies to score an 800 on SAT Writing, written by a perfect scorer. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Writing and grammar lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Workaholics Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Workaholics - Research Proposal Example The interest on the topic emerged from recognizing that current job responsibilities in various work endeavors tend to manifest increasing challenges that necessitate longer working hours than expected. As organizations have been continually besieged with economic and financial challenges, in conjunction with increasing competition, various strategies that aim to minimize cost from the workforce include requiring current personnel to do multi-tasking activities and assuming responsibilities of others. The current study therefore aims to determine the impact of adding responsibilities and work load on a limited pool of personnel in the long run. Miller, G. (2010, October 12). The U.S. is the Most Overworked Developed Nation in the World – When do we Draw the Line? Retrieved from 20 Something Finance: http://20somethingfinance.com/american-hours-worked-productivity-vacation/ Rettner, R., & MyHealthNewsDaily. (2013, January 29). Overworked Doctors May Jeopardize Patient Safety. Retrieved from Scientific American:

Statement of purpose 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Statement of purpose 2 - Essay Example I always desired to be of great help as well to the young people in the building of a good future they can be proud of and be a part in freeing them from ignorance therefore, from passion in criminal acts, helping them lead their skills and strengths to productivity rather than destruction. Being from Kuwait and mostly taught by my countrymen, I have discovered the advantages of being able to speak another language especially that which is used internationally, English. Speaking only one language limits a person’s opportunities like employment and continuing one’s studies overseas. This is a problem which abounds in our country because of the communication constraints to those who are not able to speak English fluently. The inability of a person to express himself well in an international language does not always mean the person is stupid or has nothing good to say. The thing is, most bright people meet the problem of effectively bringing their thoughts into a state whe re they are well understood. This situation usually brings some problems with it like the use of an ineffective English speaker’s ideas by others who are more apt to the use of the language. Such atrocities are among the reasons why I like to empower myself with the learning I can get from my post-graduate studies. I have been blessed to have acquired a good deal of information and training in verbal and written English communication skills as most of my professors have observed in the recommendation letters they provided me. However, I know there is still a wide room for me for improvement so that as an educator, I would like to let myself be further trained. This is the very reason why I would like to enroll at your prestigious school, the University of Sussex as I also know that this school is internationally recognized, providing a high quality of education. As an educator, I value the quality of education that I provide to my students so I also seek such education becaus e I believe I can never give what I do not have. I am currently teaching English at the Ministry of Education in Kuwait exclusively for boys and it is here that my passions have been inflamed again to affect the lives of such young minds, to learn another language and not be satisfied in their comfort zones. I now see myself in them when I was a student myself. My elementary and high school days have been quite easy because most of our teachers were our fellow countrymen. However, when I went to college, everything turned out to be all different in many aspects. First of all, I struggled with my English communication skills because most of our teachers are foreigners. I really had to work hard in improving my communication skills because I so much desired the education that would really lead me to the life that I like. Secondly, the school was bigger in area and number of students. This made me see what I have missed and those which I have been blessed with. One of the things that I observed was the superiority of my fellow students who are able to speak English fluently. I envied them and turned my envy to a passion for learning. The diversity of the educational backgrounds of college students opened my eyes to what I can achieve and what I can do to help other people succeed. I learned that education can do wonders to a person especially when one is able to speak in English fluently. With this, I have decided that I have to become a good example not just in words but in action as well.

(A) ETHICS AND (B) LEADERSHIP IN TEAMS Case Study

(A) ETHICS AND (B) LEADERSHIP IN TEAMS - Case Study Example Satisfying all stakeholders at the same time is practically impossible. Besides, the idea is not consistent with organizational goals and profitability. â€Å"By having â€Å"the right values† or being a person of â€Å"strong character,† the ethical leader can set the example for others and withstand any temptations that may occur along the way† (Freeman and Stewart, 2006, p. 2). 2. Leaders have to rely on subjective judgments in order to balance the interests and competing values. Although the principles of ethics outline the work concepts (Chapman, 2010), yet there is no well defined criteria of ethical considerations in decisions. Every stakeholder interprets ethics in such a way that it safeguards his interests. The subjectivity of judgments originates in lack of objectivity of ethical considerations. â€Å"We are rethinking how we lead, by placing less emphasis on carrots and sticks and more on inspiration, and putting humanity at the center of our organizations† (Seidman, 2010). All that is stipulated is laws and regulations that have to be respected while making decisions. Respecting the laws, all judgments that are made about accountability, rights, and social relationships have to be subjective. 3. Teamwork promotes learning more than individual work (Fleming, 2007). In this process, four fundamental stages apply. First is assessment, second is planning, third is execution, and fourth is analysis of outcome and modification. Whenever a team assembles for some task that is important for the achievement of organizational goals, the team conducts feasibility studies and assesses the positive and negative outcomes of the actions they are about to undertake. At this stage, there is a lot of subjectivity in the assessment of risks and opportunities because they are yet to materialize. This stage is followed by planning in which the leaders decide the course of action they would adopt in order to achieve the target. While planning,

The Impact of Using Multimedia for College Students Research Paper

The Impact of Using Multimedia for College Students - Research Paper Example Nowadays, technology has been the number one accessible source of information around the world and its remarkable continuity gets to blow up as the years go by. In fact, it has become a feasible and possible preference to people especially to those who are into learning. It has given an opportunity for a new learning net to be born. Certainly, multimedia and online learning nurture information that is merely pertinent, applicable, and significant for the college students. Furthermore, it would be best inculcated to them if multimedia is interactive and the control of it solely relies on the learner. So as for example, in a live chat with a student who is shy, inspirational videos such as believing in one’s self; can encourage the student, even more, to believe in herself. As the college students continue to explore what life has to offer, engaging in the learning process results in a better exploration as they see it through an enhanced multimedia instruction. Online learning, or sometimes being referred to as distance learning, is an educational medium of instruction through the use of Internet. Its objectives are aligned with the same with the goals one would find in a traditional classroom setup. However, the instruction can take place anytime and anywhere. Through this, the essence of learning is occurring, thus, provides a convenient avenue of educating students. Nonetheless, multimedia is a mode of communication that includes text, graphics, sounds, and the like.

Relationship between Rose and Ruby in the novel The Girls Essay

Relationship between Rose and Ruby in the novel The Girls - Essay Example The girls in Lori Lansens’ â€Å"The Girls,† are the extraordinary ones. How to describe the relationship between Rose and Ruby in the novel, â€Å"The Girls†? Its description in one word is, ‘divine’! From the secular point of view, the relationship is both scientific and human. At the beginning of the story Lori Lansens (2007,p.5) makes mention of it in the own words of the sisters thus: â€Å"We have an unspoken, even unconscious, system of checks and balance to determine who’ll lead the way at any given moment. There is conflict. There is compromise.† Each moment, each day of their life is miraculous, yet regulated struggle. Is it a difficult one? One should be hesitant to assert thus. They find an unspeakable joy through their struggles. Their trials and tribulations are extraordinary ones, considering the fact that they are at the threshold of their thirtieth birthday. What a glorious saga it must have been! It is too poignant and adventurous for the printed page to capture! They faced ridicule and admiration with the rarest of rare equanimity of their minds and Lansens puts it thus: â€Å"We’ve been called many things: freaks, horrors, monsters, devils, witches, retards, wonders, marvels. To most, we’re a curiosity. ... ides of our twin heads.†(p.3)They are separate, yet joined together through a very, very special procedure that is difficult for the ordinary mind to comprehend. In the words of Rose, â€Å"When Ruby is tired; I’m hardly ever ready for bed. We’re rarely hungry together and our tastes are poles apart. I prefer spicy fare, while my sister has a disturbing fondness for eggs.†(p.5)The conjoined twins since their birth have many things in common. They remained joined at the head. Their ‘life-together’ began thus: Rub’s arm curled around rose’s neck, her foreshortened legs wrapped around Rose’s hips. The journey of their life has been an incomparable one. Rose enjoys reading and writing, Ruby likes to watch TV and spend time with the kids. They have the normal quota of quarrels like other sisters. If Rose consumes alcohol, Ruby would turn sick. Even the pattern of their jobs is different. In the library Rose shelves books and Rub y reads out the content loud to children. On every count of similarity and difference, their lives are delicate and baffling. In the chronicle of their life’s journey they create many head-lines. The physical relationship between the two sisters is a marvel right from birth. Lansens writes, â€Å"How long must they have stared before someone spoke? Our combined weight at birth was ten pounds seven ounces. I was the longer one; my legs perfectly formed my torso somewhat shorter than normal, making my arms appears somewhat longer.†(p.23) Ruby is pretty, but short and truncated and cannot walk. She is a permanent load on the hip of Rose. Though tall, Rose has a distorted and grotesque face because Ruby’s head constantly pulls at hers. The story has a great philosophical message explained through the struggles of the two girls, physical

(Ethics and Comunication) Reflection on organizational change Article

(Ethics and Comunication) Reflection on organizational change - Article Example Whether the change is big or small, it will still impact us. Unsurprisingly, we react to change by putting up a wall around us to protect ourselves from the effects of change. However, there are those individuals who embrace change and its effects on their lives. The good thing with this attitude is that if the organizational change results in a good outcome, the people who embrace change will be the first ones to reap the rewards. The downside to this mindset is that if the organizational change doesn’t go so well, these types of people will be the first to bear the full force of its effects. I believe that organizational change can be a good thing if conducted in the right atmosphere and if the wider organization can come to a consensus. The best type of organizational change is change that is accepted by the wider majority so its effects will then be lessened. I myself am sceptical of change because I see no need for changing something just for the sake of changing. If an o rganization is already running smoothly, then there is no need to upset the balance in the organization.

Relationship between Rose and Ruby in the novel The Girls Essay

Relationship between Rose and Ruby in the novel The Girls - Essay Example The girls in Lori Lansens’ â€Å"The Girls,† are the extraordinary ones. How to describe the relationship between Rose and Ruby in the novel, â€Å"The Girls†? Its description in one word is, ‘divine’! From the secular point of view, the relationship is both scientific and human. At the beginning of the story Lori Lansens (2007,p.5) makes mention of it in the own words of the sisters thus: â€Å"We have an unspoken, even unconscious, system of checks and balance to determine who’ll lead the way at any given moment. There is conflict. There is compromise.† Each moment, each day of their life is miraculous, yet regulated struggle. Is it a difficult one? One should be hesitant to assert thus. They find an unspeakable joy through their struggles. Their trials and tribulations are extraordinary ones, considering the fact that they are at the threshold of their thirtieth birthday. What a glorious saga it must have been! It is too poignant and adventurous for the printed page to capture! They faced ridicule and admiration with the rarest of rare equanimity of their minds and Lansens puts it thus: â€Å"We’ve been called many things: freaks, horrors, monsters, devils, witches, retards, wonders, marvels. To most, we’re a curiosity. ... ides of our twin heads.†(p.3)They are separate, yet joined together through a very, very special procedure that is difficult for the ordinary mind to comprehend. In the words of Rose, â€Å"When Ruby is tired; I’m hardly ever ready for bed. We’re rarely hungry together and our tastes are poles apart. I prefer spicy fare, while my sister has a disturbing fondness for eggs.†(p.5)The conjoined twins since their birth have many things in common. They remained joined at the head. Their ‘life-together’ began thus: Rub’s arm curled around rose’s neck, her foreshortened legs wrapped around Rose’s hips. The journey of their life has been an incomparable one. Rose enjoys reading and writing, Ruby likes to watch TV and spend time with the kids. They have the normal quota of quarrels like other sisters. If Rose consumes alcohol, Ruby would turn sick. Even the pattern of their jobs is different. In the library Rose shelves books and Rub y reads out the content loud to children. On every count of similarity and difference, their lives are delicate and baffling. In the chronicle of their life’s journey they create many head-lines. The physical relationship between the two sisters is a marvel right from birth. Lansens writes, â€Å"How long must they have stared before someone spoke? Our combined weight at birth was ten pounds seven ounces. I was the longer one; my legs perfectly formed my torso somewhat shorter than normal, making my arms appears somewhat longer.†(p.23) Ruby is pretty, but short and truncated and cannot walk. She is a permanent load on the hip of Rose. Though tall, Rose has a distorted and grotesque face because Ruby’s head constantly pulls at hers. The story has a great philosophical message explained through the struggles of the two girls, physical

Performance Measurement Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Performance Measurement Systems - Essay Example This paper presents an understanding of performance measurement systems and their effectiveness in enhancing employee performance. It also discusses the way performance measurement systems should be implemented so as to achieve desired outcomes and motivate employees to perform accordingly. Performance measures are of critical importance to all organisations, public and private both. Organisations are increasingly being focused on devising and implementing sound performance measurement techniques and systems so as to direct employees' behaviour and efforts towards the achievement of organisational goals. Performance measures are generally concerned with gauging the extent to which an organisation achieves desired or planned outcomes out of all the efforts and investment put into the operation. Adcroft propounds that "central to pretty much all measures of organisational performance is an understanding of the relationship between economic inputs and outputs" (2005, p388). An organisation, whether private or public, is said to be performing well if the performance measures or means to gauge the level of employee performance verify that the efforts have led to the desired outcomes in the favour of the organisation. Public and private sector organisations both have different objectives behind formulation and implementation of different performance measures. De Bruijn says that "a public organisation formulates envisaged performance and indicates how this performance can be measured by defining performance indicators" (2002, p579). Public organisations for instance NHS, public libraries and universities gauge their performances by setting standards against which actual performance can be measured. Due to the fact that most public sector organisations do not operate for profit motives, these organisations cannot set performance goals on the basis of achievement of profit targets. The public organisations have therefore different objectives and purposes for performance measurement as compared to private sector organisations working for the achievement of profit goals. In public sector organisations, performance measures are generally intended to achieve the objectives set out primarily by government and local bodies. It is because these organisations are not motivated by profit targets, they can not measure performance through budgeting etc. Parker says that in public sector organisations, "performance measures should be designed to inform all of the stakeholders of the effectiveness of their service, reflecting the objectives of Government and Local Authority" (2006, p35). In this way, performance measures in public sector organisations will not inform the sectors on profitability of operations, rather the efficiency of services they provide to the customers for example efficiency of health services in NHS and services in public libraries. Performance Measurement and Organisational Structure: The increasing focus on performance management to emphasise control issues and achievement of organisational purposes has led to an evident shift in organisational structure and approach towards control systems. It has diversified the focus of control systems

Game console industry Essay Example for Free

Game console industry Essay Provide an overview of the company. Include any information you think is pertinent to this company (5 points) Nintendo is a company that creates video games and game consoles. Nintendo is the creator of the Game Boy, Super Nintendo, Nintendo DS, Nintendo 64, Nintendo GameCube and of course the Wii. Nintendo is only one of the few companies that create gaming systems, and is in constant competition with Sony (PlayStation) and Microsoft (Xbox). Nintendo’s revenues in 2009 were $19,308. 1 million, with a net income of ,930. 8 million. 1. What are the defining business and economic characteristics of the video game console industry? What is the industry like? (10 points) Sales of video game consoles, software, and accessories reached a record high of $23. 1 billion in 2008. Despite the increasing intensity of competition, the video gaming industry as a whole had continued to grow through the end of 2008 in the face of the downturn in the general world economy. 2. What is competition like in the video game console industry? Do a five-forces analysis to support your answer. Complete the following as part of your answer. Make sure to explain the reasons for your answers. (10 points) a. The bargaining power and leverage of buyers is a low competitive force b. The bargaining power and leverage of suppliers is a low competitive force. c. Competition from substitutes is a high competitive force. d. Threat of entry is a low competitive force. e. Rivalry among competing video game console producers is a high competitive force. Overall assessment: 3. What forces are driving changes in the video game console industry? Are these driving forces acting to make the industry more or less competitively intense? Are the driving forces acting to make the industry more or less profitable in future years? (10 points) 4. What is Nintendo’s strategy? Which of the five generic strategies discussed is Nintendo using? What are some of the recent offensive and/or defensive strategies that Nintendo has employed? Have these tactics been successful? (10 points) 5. How well is Nintendo’s strategy working in terms of the financial performance it is delivering? Should shareholders be pleased? Why or why not? What 2-3 weaknesses do you see in Nintendo’s financial performance? (15 points) |Performance Ratio |2009 |2008 |2007 |2006 |2005 | |Revenue Growth |16. 61% |73% |89. 79% |-1. 11% |n/a | |Gross Profit Margin |. 43 |. 42 |. 41 |. 42 |. 42 | |Operating Profit Margin |. 30 |. 29 |. 23 |. 18 |. 22 | |Return on Assets |25% |24% |18% |14% |13% | |Return on Equity |. 13 |. 14 |. 18 |. 24 |. 25 | 6. What does a SWOT analysis reveal about the attractiveness of Nintendo’s overall situation? Is the company’s competitive position as solid as top management seems to believe? Does the company have a competitive advantage? If so, what is the basis for this competitive advantage and is the advantage sustainable? (10 points) Nintendo’s Resource Strengths and Competitive Capabilities Nintendo’s Internal Resource Weaknesses and Competitive Liabilities Nintendo’s External Opportunities Nintendo’s External Threats 7. What does a competitive strength assessment reveal about whether Nintendo has a competitive edge? Complete the chart as part of your answer. You are to determine the success factors you deem most important. (20 points) |Key Success Factors |Importance Weight | Nintendo | Sony | Microsoft | | | |Rating Score |Rating Score |Rating Score8. What recommendations would you make to Nintendo to improve its competitiveness in the video game console industry and to maintain its favorable positioning vis-a-vis Microsoft and Sony? (10 points).

Creationism in Public Education Essay -- Religion

A hotly debated topic these past few years centers on the origin of life. Now more than ever, science and religion are butting heads trying to come up with a conclusion, and one that public schools would teach to their students. Alex Rainert, meanwhile, reasons that both â€Å"science and religion are engaged in the same project, to discover the origin of life† (141). In short, one could better describe the debate as a crusade between evolutionists and creationists. Both sides have their well-founded arguments, but when one looks at the decisions of the courts, clearly only one side may win the battle when deciding biology curriculum in schools. Despite the overwhelming number of people in favor of teaching creationism in public schools, it may be better to leave science classes free from matters of religious belief. In 2004, Sharpes and Peramas report that â€Å"nearly two-thirds of all Americans surveyed favored teaching creationism together with evolution in schools,† according to a poll organized by CBS Broadcasting (qtd. in Costley and Killins). Thus, it seems as if the public has bought into the fair play argument proposed by creationists. After all, why not have a place to teach equally credible theories of the origin of life in schools? (Eldredge 634). Chet Raymo, a noted science professor of physics and astronomy at Stonehill College, rejects this notion, stating, â€Å"one might as well give equal billing to those who believe the Earth is flat† since creationism stands on little factual ground (156). At any rate, the U.S. Supreme Court illustrates that teaching creationism puts pressure on minorities to conform to the obviously favored religion when the power of the government backs up the theory (qtd. in Anti-Defamation League ... ...ligion Will Transform Your Life and Our World. New York: Penguin Group, 2007. Print. Eldredge, Niles. â€Å"Creationism Isn’t Science.† The Conscious Reader. 6th ed. Ed. D. Anthony English and Eben Ludlow. Needham Heights: Simon & Schuster, 1995. 633-638. Print. Hickman, Cleveland Pendleton. Integrated Principles of Zoology, sixth edition. St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Company, 1979. Print. "Of Darwin, Dover and (un)intelligent design: scholar says the future of science— and Church-State separation--are at stake in the creationism/evolution conflict." Church & State 62.2 (2009): 10+. General OneFile. Web. 23 Feb. 2012. Rainert, Alex. â€Å"Creationism V. Evolutionism in America’s Public Schools.† Cooke 138- 41. Print. Raymo, Chet. Skeptics and True Believers: The Exhilarating Connection Between Science and Religion. Walker Publishing Company, Inc., 1998. Print.

Images Of Light And Darkness I :: essays research papers

In his play, Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare weaves a timeless tale. Although it is over 400 years old, Romeo and Juliet, is as interesting today as it was at its inception and my guess is that its appeal lies in its subject matter. Shakepeare picked a theme that’s been known to cause indigestion and sleep loss for centuries. And yet, regardless of the ills associated with it, it remains a topic of worldwide interest. And that is simply, love. My mother says that love is one of the most overused, misunderstood words in the English language. Over time, I’ve asked friends what they thought â€Å"it† was. I’ve always received differing answers. It’s when he opens the door. It’s when she does the laundry. It’s that thing that causes insanity. It doesn’t exist. It existed only in the middle ages. It’s what everyone is hunting for and no one can find. Forget about it. Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary (Tenth Edition) defines it as: 1. (1): strong affection for another rising out of kinship or personal ties. 2: warm attachment, enthusiasm, or devotion. 3: unselfish loyal and benevolet concern for the good of another. 4: to thrive on. Spiritual masters say that love is all there is. They also say in order to truly know something, one must know it’s opposite. To know hot, one must experience cold. To know sorrow, one must have known joy. To love, one must hate. (Or at least come pretty damned close to it.) Without darkness, one cannot appreciate light. Professors of English say that the greatest writers are those who can â€Å"hook† their readers. Those who can propel a story forward. Divide and contrast. Divide and contrast, they say. Friction produced by opposing forces creates great drama. Shakespeare is a great dramatist. In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare opens with a prologue that basically outlines the entire play. After finishing line fourteen, the reader isn’t required to continue reading because he/she knows the outcome. Shakespeare has given the reader the end. There really is no reason to read on. And yet they do. The reader continues because Shakespeare was a genius at creating dramatic tension. In Romeo and Juliet, he uses two main vehicles to do so. One is the theme of love (Romeo and Juliet) versus hate (The Montagues and the Capulets). The other is the theme of darkness and light. For purposes of this paper, I will look briefly at the use of light and dark imagery as it is associated with the two main characters, Romeo and Juliet.

Congestive Heart Disease Essay

The main function of a healthy heart is to ensure proper blood flow throughout the body and supplying all the organs with the nutrients that are necessary for survival. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is also known as Congestive heart disease, but for this paper we will use failure, Consistent with the research. Congestive heart failure is a disease that primarily causes the heart to be compromised. This leaves the heart unable to perform the main function of pumping blood throughout the body to maintain homeostasis. Congestive heart failure affects mostly individuals 65 years and older; however it can happen at any time. Anderson, et al 2010). According to Goldberg & Konstam, â€Å"It is also one of the most common forms of heart disease. Approximately 4. 9 million Americans suffer from CHF, with about 400,000 new cases diagnosed annually. † (as cited in Mithal, Mann, & Stone, 2002, p. 46). Prevention methods are important factors for avoiding this disease. There are several treatments available for congestive heart failure that focus on reducing fluids from the body to remove congestion from the heart or reduce blood pressure in the arteries. The heart can be described as muscular pump; it’s primary function is to pump blood. The heart consists of four chambers. The upper two chambers are called the atriums and the lower two chambers are called the ventricles. As the heart contracts, blood is pumped through the body with the assistance of four heart valves. Blood that is low in oxygen flows back to the heart after circulating through the body. The blood enters through veins and enters the right atrium. This chamber empties blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The right ventricle continues to pump the blood under low pressure through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery. The blood is now directed to the lungs where it gets fresh oxygen. After the blood is oxygenized, the blood will have a bright red appearance, and it is now considered rich with oxygen. The blood will now return to the left heart through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium. From there it passes through the mitral valve and enters the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps the oxygenated blood out through the aortic valve into the aorta. The aorta takes blood to the body’s general circulation. Congestive heart failure is the inability of the heart to sufficiently supply the body with oxygenated rich blood adequately. The hearts primary function is to move blood throughout a network of vessels. The blood provides the cells of the body with oxygen and nutrients needed while also removing waste products of the body and releasing carbon dioxide. Organs such as the brain, liver, lungs, intestines and kidneys are also compromised. When the weakened muscles of the heart is unable to supply the kidneys with the necessary amount of blood the kidneys are compromised. The kidneys are now unable to perform their function of excreting sodium and water. This causes the body to retain fluid, which directly affects the lungs. The lungs now become congested with fluids known as pulmonary edema. The liver is similarly affected with the accumulation of fluids due to the inability to excrete wastes. This causes a huge accumulation of toxins in the body. The intestines will also be affected and will not be able to absorb the necessary nutrients for daily function. Without treatment CHF will eventually corrupt and attack every organ of the body. Common symptoms include swollen legs or ankles and difficulty breathing. Weight gain is often seen due to the accumulations of fluid within the body. (American Heart Association, 2010 ; Anderson, et al 2010). There are several factors that commonly contribute to congestive heart failure. Coronary heart disease is an accumulation of plaque resulting in a narrowing or hardening of the arteries that supplies blood to the heart muscle known as the myocardium. This is the most common type of heart disease resulting in the leading cause of death for men and women in the United States. (MedlinePlus, 2010). Another factor is hypertension (high blood pressure), which refers to high pressure found in the arteries. Approximately one in three adults in the United States (73 million people) are estimated by The American Heart Association (2010) to be diagnosed with high blood pressure. A myocardial infarction, producing a thick scar tissue and interfering with the heart muscle’s normal function is another factor which could result in a heart attack. Heart valve disease has been linked to congestive heart failure as well. This could be a result of an outbreak of rheumatic fever or some other causes. Another factor contributing to congestive heart failure would be an infection of the heart lining known as endocarditis causing damage to the heart valves or possibly a myocardium of the heart known as myocarditis. Other common causes are alcohol and drug abuse, arrhythmias, obesity, ardiomyopathy and congenital heart defects. (American Heart Association, 2010). There are several ways to prevent congestive heart failure. Diet management is a key factor in securing a future without congestive heart failure. Maintaining a proper diet is crucial. Being overweight will act as a burden to the heart causing it to work harder to pump blood throughout the body. It is necessary to reduce sodium intake to avoid retaining fluids. The next step would be to increase potassium intake. Individuals who have congestive heart failure are usually prescribed diuretics to help excrete fluids causing a loss of potassium. Potassium can be found in green leafy vegetables and most fruits, particularly bananas, oranges, and dried fruit. Other factors for congestive heart failure prevention would involve exercise, no smoking and limited alcohol consumption. (Health-cares, 2010). There are many factors used for treatment for congestive heart failure. Various drugs are incorporated into treatment for congestive heart failure. The uses of drugs are intended for reducing fluids within the body or to reduce blood pressure in the arteries of the body. Typical drugs used for treatment are Ace inhibitors, beta-blockers, digitalis, diuretics and vasodilators. Beta-blockers are intended to improve function for the left lower ventricular pumps. Diuretics are intended to assist in eliminating products that primarily contribute to congestion such as salt and water. Digitalis serves a very important role in strengthening the heart so it can serve as a more efficient, reliable, and effective pump. Treatment may involve surgery if the failure is a result of a poor functioning heart valve. Surgery could involve repair or replacement of a heart valve or in drastic cases, replacement of the heart itself. General treatment will also consist of exercise, weight loss, rest and specific attention to maintaining a suitable diet plan. (American Heart Association, 2010). The Practice Framework of a person that has congestive heart failure is greatly affected. Individuals must reduce the amount of exertion on their bodies to prevent over stimulating the heart. The limitations caused by the failure make performing even routine tasks more difficult. Some of the activities of daily living (ADL’s) that this individual might have issues with might be, getting dressed and undressed, toileting, personal hygiene, bathing and eating. Some Instrumental ctivities of daily living (IADL’s) that might be affected could include preparing meals, taking medications, shopping (food or clothes), using the phone, house work, managing money and bills. As an Occupational Therapist (OT), One can educate patient/individual on the importance of reduced fluids and stress will make for a better heart and a healthier individual. The individual needs to learn that sucking or chewing on an ice cube is better than drinking a glass of water. Due to the increasing amount of fluids the medications are trying to get out of the body, drinking would be just adding more to the body and also adding more tress on the body. The roles/routines/habits will have to change because of the congestive heart failure and how the individual now has to take it slower and easier to get the job done. OT addresses any shortness of breath (SOB) and fatigue that might accrue during any of their daily living activities, routines, habits ect. Individuals learn to use adaptive equipment to help decrease the energy used to get the job done. Examples would consist of using a shower instead of a tub (if applicable), have grab bars inside and outside the shower, have a bath bench/chair with a hand-held shower head and a long handled sponge for easier athing. Less bending over for easier dressing/undressing by using open front garments with buttons/snaps, using a button hook if need be; use a dressing stick to put on lower extremities (LE) garments. Use a lighter comforter for less weight; use a step stool to reach things to reduce straining. Keep the house cooler and if the patient/individual is SOB outside have a portable pocket hand held fan/fan with mister. To reduce strain and stress have a garbage can with wheels would be very useful. One more example might be to have a recliner to keep legs up as well as change positions frequently for circulation. OT’s also each how to break down the tasks into small components to make the task at hand more manageable. For instance laundry is a big task for anyone, so instead of doing all the laundry in one day, do smaller loads spread out or one load a day. Pull the laundry out of the drier and hang it up as soon as laundry is done to save the wrinkles and then having to iron in addition too. Use lighter pots and pans to cook with. Having the appliances at arm’s length, waist level, within easy to reach to help with saving body energy. OT’s do whatever it takes to get the individual back to independently living a healthier life to the best of their ability. Congestive heart failure is a condition that needs to be specifically addressed and treated. The condition can be managed by complying with lifestyle changes, following a treatment plan, and taking prescribed medications. Without following a treatment plan the disease will consume the organs of the body causing irreversible damage. It is important to be aware of limitations concerning the disease to avoid over exertion which can be fatal. â€Å"Early intervention in the treatment of Congestive heart failure is crucial in providing the best outcome. † (Ciccone, 2007).

History of Geisha Essay

Geisha recruitment seems to be a business wherein the indigenous people were the victims. Unfortunately this is the reality of life; one suffers while the other prospers. Another important contribution of Geisha is the preservation and performance of many Japanese dances. Dances like Mivako Odori and cherry dances which are based on Japan’s cultural value were the most common dances performed by Geisha. The red costume of the Geisha had a great significance in the Japanese culture and society. The use of red in their dress and makeup signifies beauty and happiness. The red underclothing was believed to ease the menstrual pain and maintain the good and healthy functioning of female reproductive system. Red is an erotic symbol for men. In fact they wear red lining under their own kimonos and apply red lipsticks made from petals of red flowers. In early times, the costumes of Geisha girls have warrior motifs which include hats and swords. But as time passes by and culture progresses, Geisha’s dress became feminine. Geisha is a culture which permits Japanese women to become independent and economically stable. It is believed that this is the only profession in which they are above men. It is one of the most important role of Geisha in society; keeping women at the height of men. Being intimate with men are part of the being a Geisha. Nearly all marriages in Japan were arranged by families of both parties. These marriages main goal is to preserve the present rank in the society rather than to seek peace and happiness. In this kind of situation, the man would normally have two women in his entire life. It was a common practice that wealthy and powerful men have a relationship with geisha. On other culture and religion this set up do not conform to morality. The Christianity sector would surely say that this is immoral. Unfaithfulness to your wife is considered a sin but still other may see it as something normal. Geisha is mysterious but beautiful creatures that represent the very old traditions of the Japanese. Now, modern geisha still reside in what they call okiya in flower towns especially during mentoring era. Most old and experienced geisha decide to live independently. They are often hired in parties or exclusive events at the tea houses and also to high-class restaurants in Japan. An incense stick serves as their clock for determining the spent time of each geisha in entertaining guest and visitors. Confusion still remains on what is really the nature geisha profession. An awful view about Geisha is that they serve as prostitutes. In western perspective, Geisha are known as expensive prostitutes. Geisha are entertainers and they are expected to entertain their customers in many ways such as reciting verse, playing musical instruments or simply by giving a good conversation but not to serve as sexual workers. Geisha’s arrangement also includes flirting with the customers and to do some playful and fancy innuendos but nothing more can be expected. Geisha strongly do not engage with sex with the customers even with money offerings. What they believed is that geisha are entertainer particularly sexual entertainers. This common notion about geisha made this decent and simple tradition to be a tradition full of immorality and sins. To attract costumers, prostitutes dressed and posed as a true geisha. Actually, a true geisha do not engaged with sexual relationship with her costumers. What they usually do is just entertainment. In fact, they were first and foremost entertainers. Geisha were invited to gatherings to keep thing in harmony and lively. They dance together with the guest, sing with them and played drinking games. Clearly, geisha are there for mere entertainment. The success of parties and celebrations are determined by the presence of geisha. Having several geisha in a party meant that the party host was wealthy and powerful. Geisha and the traditional high-class courtesans also know as oiran have similarities which lead to confusion. Like geisha, oiran also have their elaborate hairstyles and wear white make-up. Geisha are truly different with orian in a simple manner. Oiran tie their obi in the front and serve as prostitutes while Geisha in contrast usually tie their obi in the back. Prostitution was legalized during the Edo period. Prostitutes like orian were given license by the government. On the other hand, geisha were strictly prohibited to hold such kind of license and eventually forbidden to have sexual engagement with their customers. Any geisha holding the prostitution license is referred to be promiscuous. During the Japanese occupation, several Japanese prostitutes sold themselves to American to become sexual slaves. These prostitutes are termed geisha girls which lead to the conception of geisha as prostitutes. Also, those geisha working in onsen towns give a bad reputation to geisha because of the prevalence of prostitution. They used the name and character of a geisha in order to have a good market. Geisha indeed are not prostitutes. They are just victims of wrong conception. But sadly, although the nature of geisha is really good many are still doubt the nature of geisha’s profession. We can now infer that being a geisha is tough job. A geisha needs to be beautiful all the time and must undergo hard trainings to perfect the geisha’s required talents skills. We can see the good and bad accounts of being a geisha. It is a good tradition of Japan. It reflects all the prosperous cultures and traditions of Japan; from dancing, singing, conversing to the various arts. Also geisha’s dedication to work really manifest that Japanese are disciplined person. Generally, geisha plays an important role in Japanese culture. Geisha are entertainers not prostitutes. Although most people considered them as sexual workers, we cannot take away the fact that they bring happiness and pleasure to people. Although the nature of geisha’s work is closely similar to prostitutes we must not immediately pre-judge it. Geisha is a wonderful culture which is full of creative stuffs. From the dress, hairstyles, and other attributes of geisha we can see how diverse the Japanese culture is. Those bad accounts to geisha will be polished by its amazing structure. Eventually and hopefully people would fully accept the truth that geisha are made for merely entertainment. Instead of looking at it that way, looks at it other perspective or maybe people can even look deeper to the inner core of it in order to see its real purpose. References: History of Geisha. Retrived November 14, 2007, from http://marian. creighton. edu/~marian-w/academics/english/japan/geisha/history. html.

Ethics in Pharma Marketing Essay

The pharmaceutical market in India today is worth Rs.57206 crores up from Rs. 5000 crores in 1995*. It is one of the fastest growing markets with a growth rate of around 15%. India has a large number of Pharmaceutical companies which operate in an environment of high competition. The competition is even higher in a high generic market like in India where drugs are in fierce price competition. It is estimated that there are around 20,000 pharmaceutical companies* in India, competing for a share of the market, in a poorly regulated environment. To be ahead in the race, pharmaceutical companies are investing highly in marketing and promotion of their drugs. The Consumer International Report 2010, on an average, the Indian Pharmaceutical companies spend almost 30% of their revenue in drug promotion which is one of the highest percentage in the world. Drug promotional strategies are communication strategies through which Pharmaceutical companies convey the benefits of their products and services to their target customers. The World Organization defines promotion of drugs as all information providing and persuasive activities by drug manufacturers and distributors, which influences the prescription, supply, purchase and/or use of medical drugs. In India, the promotion of drugs is fairly pervasive and has become a part of the everyday life of most doctors. Virtually all medical journals contain advertisements of different drugs, doctors are provided unsolicited information on new drugs by the pharmaceutical companies and branded drugs are directly marketed to the consumers. However, many marketing strategies are far more personal; involving provision of gifts to the doctors, sponsoring certain educational or social activities for the physicians and cultivating a close relationship between the company’s Medical Representatives (MRs) and the physicians. This interaction and relations between the Pharmaceutical companies and the doctors has attracted a lot of attention in recent times, mainly because the primary ethical duty of the doctor is to provide patients with the most effective treatment and the pharmaceutical companies with their primary motive of extracting maximum profits through their drug sales influence the prescriber’s decisions by unethical drug promotion. While the Pharmaceutical companies have always been blamed for bribing doctors, the doctor’s perspective of not considering acceptance of gifts as unethical shouldn’t be ignored. However, among the various forms of drug promotion acceptance of gifts by the doctors from the company’s representatives has been a matter of concern as it leads to conflict of interest between the doctors and the patients. Four fundamental principles of medical ethics are as follows, 1) Autonomy To provide informed choice and to respect the patient’s decision. 2) Beneficence To always act in the best interest of the patient 3) Nonmaleficence To always protect the patient from any harm 4) Justice To follow equity in providing healthcare When physicians accept gifts or get influenced by the unethical promotion of drugs, there may be a conflict of interest between their responsibility to provide the most effective and most affordable treatment to their patient and any obligation which they may be facing to prescribe a particular company’s drug. Other activities which are unethical and still followed by the Pharmaceutical companies are- giving selective or inaccurate information to the prescribers and the patients, giving poorer quality of drug information than it is given to their western counterparts, etc. in India, currently there is no legal requirement in periodic recertification or continuing medical education. So for the prescribers there is no other way but the company’s medical representatives in obtaining information about the latest developments in the field of therapeutics. Recently in India, due to public concern about these practices, there has been development of various guidelines in the area of unethical drug promotion. However, these guidelines did not impose any restrictions on prescribers. In 2009, the Medical Council of India (MCI) passed amendments on the Code of ethics which now contains strict measures against any medical practitioner who benefits from any pharmaceutical company. Thus elaborated guidelines on the appropriate relationship between the prescribers and the pharmaceutical companies are in place. Inspite of this, medical professionals continue accepting gifts and getting influenced by the unethical drug promotion. So this raises several questions on the doctor’s perspectives on what he considers to be ethical in the current drug promotion practices. Do the prescribers consider the personalized marketing tactics to be ethically acceptable despite the critical concerns regarding it? This paper will aim to understand the prescriber’s perspective of ethics in drug promotion. The aim of this paper is to study the ethics in the drug promotion activities undertaken by the pharmaceutical companies in India and to understand the doctor’s attitudes and perceptions of ethics in these activities. Till date no study has been undertaken on the ethics in drug promotion in the Indian concept. The present study attempts to address this problem. Also the study is important for two reasons. 1) Data from India on attitudes and practices of doctors regarding ethical drug promotion are virtually non-existent. 2) In view of the recent guidelines by the Medical Council of India (MCI), it is important to know the magnitude and nature of the problem amongst the doctors.

Criminal Law Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Criminal Law Master - Case Study Example The physical elements are collectively called the actus reus and the accompanied mental state is called the mens rea. It is the fundamental duty of the prosecution to prove both of these elements of the offence to the satisfaction of the judge or jury beyond reasonable doubt. In the absence of such proof the defendant will be acquitted." (http://www.lawteacher.net/Actus%20Reus%20Lecture.php ) To illustrate it in a better manner, in an English case, however, where a man ran at his mistress to hit her and the women jumped out of the window and thus met her death, it was held that the jumping out of the window was contributed to by the appellant's unlawful act and on that ground alone a verdict of murder might well have been returned but it was mercifully reduced to manslaughter.(R. v. Curley (1909) 2 Cr App R 109) Criminal Intention and the knowledge of the probable consequences of the act committed are important to prove in order to bring an action under homicide or murder. Where a person had an altercation with his wife in the street outside their home during which he struck her and she fell uncons cious and in his trial to drag her away in that state caused a fatal injury, he was convicted of manslaughter. It was decided by the court that the defendant cannot be set free as it can be said initially the intention was not there but later on the subsequent action that caused the fatal injury was done to conceal the commission of the unlawful assault.(R. v. Leburn,(1991) 3 WLR 653(CA) The Court of Appeal has laid down in R. v. Nedrick that knowledge or foresight of the probable consequences of an act cannot take the place of intention.(1986)3 All ER 1 CA) It can be said that Culpable homicide is murder, if the act by which the death is caused is done with the intention of causing death, or it is done with the intention of causing such bodily injury as the offender knows to be likely to cause the death of the person to whom the harm is caused, or if it is done with the intention of causing bodily injury to any person and the bodily injury intended to be inflicted is sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause death, or if the person committing the act knows that it is so imminently dangerous that it must, in all probability, cause death or such bodily injury as is likely to cause death, and commits such act without any excuse for incurring the risk of causing death or such injury as aforesaid. According to the Homicide Act 1957 s.1 "Where a person kills another in the course or furtherance of some other offence, the killing shall not amount to murder unless done with the same malice aforethought (express or implied) as is required for a killing to amount to murder when not done in the course or furtherance of another offence." Throughout English Criminal Law it is the duty of prosecution to prove the accused's guilt. In every charge of murder, if the prosecution have proved homicide, namely, the killing by the accused, the prosecution must prove further that the killing was malicious and murder, as there is no presumption that the act was